{"id":5603,"date":"2016-05-19T14:27:22","date_gmt":"2016-05-19T14:27:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vonbulow.org\/medlemmer\/?page_id=5603"},"modified":"2016-06-24T12:10:40","modified_gmt":"2016-06-24T12:10:40","slug":"european-co-operation-on-varroa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/videnbank\/beekeeping-in-denmark-2\/european-co-operation-on-varroa\/","title":{"rendered":"EUROPEAN CO-OPERATION ON VARROA"},"content":{"rendered":"

ON THE EUROPEAN PLANE WORK IS ONGOING IN THE SEARCH FOR IMPROVED VARROA TREATMENT<\/strong><\/p>\n

The use of pesticides for varroa treatment in Europe creates great problems.\u00a0 A\u00a0 European network has therefore been formed, to support efforts for an intergrated\u00a0 pesticide-free approach to treatment.<\/p>\n

PROBLEMS OF RESISTANCE\u00a0<\/strong>
\nVarroa treatment using pesticides has, in the latter years, brought increasing problems in Europe.\u00a0 There is, as a result, a very great risk of residual traces being present in beekeeping products.
\nThe varroa mite has, in several locations, developed a resistance towards the pyrethroid fluvinat, which is an ingredient of the product\u00a0 Apistan.\u00a0 Resistance has developed in Spain, Italy, France, Austria, Switzerland, Slovakia and Belgium.\u00a0 In the Autumn of 1998 the presence of resistant mites in Finland was registered. Seppo Korpela from Finland has received test material from many beekeepers\u00a0 and at present\u00a0 mites from three apiaries have been found that are much less sensitive towards fluvinat than normal.\u00a0 Accounts from the three apiaries in question could indicate that the resistant mites were imported with queens from Italy.\u00a0 These mites can\u00a0 already now have spread to many apiaries in Finland.\u00a0 Since the use of Apistan is widespread in Finland,\u00a0 it can easily result in the effectiveness of this form of treatment being reduced drastically.
\nLaboratory tests have also shown that mites that are resistant towards fluvinat can, at the same time, develop a resistance towards other pyretroids which are used in varroa treatment. A cross resistance towards flu-methrin, which is the active\u00a0 compound in Bavoral, has been demonstrated.\u00a0 Flumethrin is also the active compound in Bayticol.\u00a0 Bayticol is used, surprisingly, by a number of Danish beekeepers, although it is difficult to dose correctly.\u00a0 Due especially to resistance problems the pyretroids are not expected to have any future in treating varroa in Europe.<\/p>\n

THE EUROPEAN NETWORK\u00a0<\/strong>
\nInterest in varroa treatment without the use of pesticides in Europe is, therefore, on the increase.\u00a0 The EU supports a joint project\u00a0 to\u00a0 coordinate an intergrated varroa treatment\u00a0 approach, without the use of pesticides.\u00a0 An intergrated treatment means a treatment which combines different methods, and in this case also pesticide free methods.\u00a0 Within this network are researchers from Denmark, England, Finland,\u00a0\u00a0 France, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, Spain, Sweden and Germany.\u00a0 Ingemar Fries from Sweden is the group coordinator.
\nThe network\u2019s task is to exchange experience and results in treatment methods, and to concentrate on the research areas to be developed, in order to improve beekeepers opportunities for carrying out a pesticide free range of treatments.\u00a0 They shall also work out guidelines for a harmonisation of research, so that the results can easily be interpreted and tested by others.\u00a0 \u00a0 In the Nordic region a network has also been set up,which also includes Norway and Lithuania (as well as Denmark. Sweden and Finland) and the delegates are both researchers and consultants.\u00a0 Ingemar Fries is also the coordinator for this group.<\/p>\n

OXALIC ACID\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>
\nIt is widely known that oxalic acid is toxic.\u00a0 This toxicality is the reason that the acid is not at present on the \u201cpositive list\u201d .\u00a0 It is also known that there are not problematic traces of the acid in honey after an Autumn spraying.\u00a0 Delegates in the European Network are in agreement that they will seek to have oxalic acid put on the positive list, quickly.\u00a0 Before this can happen further honey analysis shall take place to find traces of residue, as well as furthest examining its toxicality towards humans.<\/p>\n

ESSENTIAL OILS\u00a0<\/strong>
\nA number of essential oils are on \u201cthe positive list\u201d and may, therefore, be used in varroa treatment.\u00a0 In Switzerland, for example, treatment strategies are worked out in which such oils are used.\u00a0 The evaporation of essential oils often call for a prolonged period of warm weather, in the region of three weeks warmth, (which pretty much rules out its use in Ireland)<\/p>\n

TECHNICAL BEEKEEPING TREATMENTS\u00a0<\/strong>
\nResearch is ongoing, in Germany and elsewhere, in further developing various forms of queen caging.\u00a0 Apart from the traditional forms work is ongoing on a second variant whereby all brood frames are removed , and the queen and bees are moved to brood-free frames plus a frame with drone brood.\u00a0 When the last mentioned form has been used, which is still undergoing trials, there have been several cases of problems relating to the occurrence of chalk brood in the drone frames.<\/p>\n

HARMONISATION\u00a0<\/strong>
\nA working group within the EU network has completed a draft suggesting ground rules for the evaluation of treatment programmes. It stresses that is is very important that it is,\u00a0 of course, that it only concerns treatment forms that will have an influence on mite mortality.\u00a0\u00a0 The wax frames that the bees are on should not be infected with pesticides.\u00a0 Wax, therefore, should not originate from colonies which have earlier been treated with pesticides,\u00a0 nor should it originate from an unknown wax source. Furthermore, these trials should be carried out in several localities, and should be tested over two years.
\nIt is important that the results from research and testing reach the beekeeper quickly.\u00a0 However, there are several instances where results have been published, before a final conclusion\u00a0 on their effectiveness and possible side effects have been reached.\u00a0 There is therefore, a broad agreement amongst the European Network\u00a0 that a thorough verification of results be carried out before publication and its use in advisory work.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ON THE EUROPEAN PLANE WORK IS ONGOING IN THE SEARCH FOR IMPROVED VARROA TREATMENT The use of pesticides for varroa treatment in Europe creates great problems.\u00a0 A\u00a0 European network has therefore been formed, to support efforts for an intergrated\u00a0 pesticide-free approach to treatment. PROBLEMS OF RESISTANCE\u00a0 Varroa treatment using pesticides has, in the latter years, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":5632,"menu_order":10,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5603","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5603","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5603"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5603\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8950,"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5603\/revisions\/8950"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5632"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.biavl.dk\/medlemmer\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5603"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}